培臻国际为考生们带来托福阅读解题技巧如何灵活运用的具体内容介绍，希望大家能够关注，下面是关于常见的托福阅读方法排除法和定位法的具体内容介绍，仅供考生们参考。
一、排除法
一般情况下，考生在解答托福阅读题目时都是从正面直接选择正确答案，但如果这种方法不奏效，我们还可以考虑使用排除法。排除法就是通过排除选项中的错误选项选出正确答案的方法，是一种非常实用的解题方法。对于那些在原文中没有提到的选项、与原文信息不符或者相反的选项、虽在原文中出现但与题干无关的选项等等，都可以通过排除法进行排除。下面我们通过TPO3- Architecture中的一道例题来看一下如何使用排除法进行解题。
例1：According to paragraph 6, which of the following statements is true of the arch?
A. The Romans were the first people to use the stone arch.
B. The invention of the arch allowed new architectural forms to be developed.
C. The arch worked by distributing the structural load of a building toward the center of the arch.
D. The Romans followed earlier practices in their use of arches.
根据本段中的第七句话“The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures.”可知，拱形结构最先被地中海地区的人而不是罗马人运用，罗马人只是最早将其运用在地面建筑上。A选项的说法与原文信息不符，因此排除;根据本段倒数第二句话“It works in compression to divert the weight above it out to the sides, where the weight is borne by the vertical elements on either side of the arch.”可知，拱形结构使其上面的压力转移到两侧，由两侧垂直的部分来承担压力。C选项中所提到的拱形结构的工作机理和原文所说的恰恰相反，因此排除;根据本段中的倒数第四句话“Roman builders perfected the semicircular arch made of separate blocks of stone.”可知，罗马人对拱形结构做了改进，而不能说是“follow(沿袭)”，因此C选项说法也是错误的，排除;根据本段最后一句“The arch is among the many important structural breakthroughs that have characterized architecture throughout the centuries.”以及之前对于拱形结构的铺垫可知B选项是正确的。这样，用排除法就得到了正确答案。
二、定位法
定位法就是根据题干或者选项中的关键词直接从原文中找到相应的信息，然后进行比较和分析，从而找出正确答案的方法。在将选项与原文进行对比时，一定要注意那些同义转换的说法，大多数情况下，正确答案都是对原文信息的同义改写。下面我们通过OG-The Origins of Cetaceans中的一道例题来看一下。
例2：In this paragraph, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
A. It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
B. It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
C. It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
D. It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.
这道题我们首先根据题干中的关键词“blowhole”定位到文章中的“Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.”，通过阅读这句话的后半部分我们发现，句中的“cannot disguise”和B选项中的“cannot yield”是对应的，B选项完全是对这句话的同义改写，因此，这道题的正确答案就是B选项。
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